W semestrze zimowym roku 2022–2023 prowadziłem m.in. ćwiczenia ze wstępu do socjologii. Był to pierwszy semestr studiów licencjackich. Lubię ten przedmiot: pozwala oderwać się od wyspecjalizowanych artykułów naukowych i powrócić do stanu ducha, który towarzyszył mi w czasie studiów, gdy jeszcze wszystko było nowe.
Na swojej stronie zamieściłem właśnie program ćwiczeń. Następnym razem wprowadzę pewnie kilka zmian. Wynika to częściowo ze spostrzeżeń studentek i studentów (podczas ostatnich zajęć podzieliłem ich na podgrupy i poprosiłem, żeby po krótkiej dyskusji powiedzieli mi, jakie były ich ulubione lektury, jakie teksty woleliby usunąć z programu, jakich ważnych dla nich zagadnień nie omówiliśmy itd.), a częściowo z moich własnych obserwacji i późniejszych przemyśleń.
Przede mną jeszcze rozmowy z innymi osobami, które prowadziły podobne ćwiczenia. Na razie jednak wnioski przed kolejnym rokiem akademickim są następujące:
1. Na takich zajęciach warto poćwiczyć umiejętność interpretowania wykresów (np. z badań CBOS-u). Chyba nawet na samym początku, na rozgrzewkę, zanim zajmiemy się koncepcjami i pojęciami socjologicznymi, które są bardziej abstrakcyjne i pewnie trudniejsze. Przy okazji można porozmawiać o sondażach opinii publicznej. Studentki i studenci I roku mają prawo niewiele o tych wszystkich rzeczach wiedzieć, a jest to dziś istotna część warsztatu socjologicznego – i może się przydać bardzo szybko.
2. Teksty, które były ważne w moim kształceniu i do dziś uznawane są za kanoniczne, raczej nie sprawdzają się dziś na samym początku studiów. Nie jest chyba dobrym pomysłem dawanie student(k)om kilkunastostronicowych fragmentów książek Ervinga Goffmana czy Roberta K. Mertona – książek napisanych 60-70 lat temu. Może na koniec zajęć, ale na pewno nie na pierwszych spotkaniach.
3. Jak wobec tego przekazać wiedzę o klasykach, którzy opisali podstawowe zagadnienia socjologiczne i do których odwołuje się wiele innych przedmiotów na studiach? Nieźle sprawdził się model z zajęć nr 12: przed ćwiczeniami trzeba było obejrzeć półgodzinne nagranie (let’s play) z gry „Papers, Please” oraz przeczytać parę stron ze stareńkiego tekstu Mertona o biurokracji. Ta ostatnia była też później tematem szeregu prac zaliczeniowych – po ich lekturze mogę stwierdzić, że studentki i studenci całkiem dobrze przyswoili sobie wiedzę o głównych cechach organizacji biurokratycznych.
4. W innych wypadkach rozwiązaniem może być zestawienie tekstu naukowego z publicystycznym. Na zajęciach nr 7 omawialiśmy wywiad i reportaż na temat ubóstwa i wykluczenia (analizowaliśmy też nieco danych statystycznych). Zamiast jednego z tych materiałów mogę dać jako lekturę fragment publikacji naukowej i chyba nie wyjdzie źle.
Rzecz jasna nie od razu Kraków zbudowano. Prowadząc 3–4 różne przedmioty w każdym semestrze, nie mam czasu, by przygotować je tak dokładnie, jak bym chciał. Znalezienie odpowiedniego reportażu czy niedługiego filmu, i to dostępnego bezpłatnie po polsku, bywa niełatwe; podobnie wybór właściwych fragmentów socjologicznych tekstów. Stopniowo jednak mogę program zmieniać – oby na lepsze!
A na koniec dziękuję student(k)om za podzielenie się obserwacjami na temat naszych zajęć. Bez tego moje własne refleksje byłyby znacznie uboższe.
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